The advent of the second-child policy has led to explosive growth in demand for children-related children's entertainment, children's education, and child training. The children's economy has thus set off a new round of development boom in China. It is understood that in the next five years of 2018-2022, China's children's industrial consumption forecast will increase from the current 1 trillion to 3 trillion, and the prospects for the children's industry are improving. And after everyone has entered, is the cake in the children's industry so easy to eat? The answer is obvious. Taking children's paradise as an example, in recent years, after the development of education and entertainment has become the development direction of many children's paradise, the homogenization phenomenon of children's paradise has become more and more obvious. And when the educational and recreational children's paradise is everywhere, even the mode of operation is the same. As a venue operator of a children's paradise, how will you behave yourself? In returning 10,000 steps, although it is not necessary to stand out from the crowd, at least there must be sufficient capacity to maintain its competitiveness in the fierce competition, and not let yourself be slashed and arbitrarily slaughtered. Therefore, some senior children's paradise practitioners have put forward the view that the development of children's paradise needs to increase the sense training function on the basis of education and fun.
First, the concept of sensory training
In the 1970s, with the development of urbanization in Europe, America, and Japan, the problem children became more and more serious. After hundreds of experts studied together, it was first proposed by Dr. J. Ayres of the University of Southern California in 1972. The theory of sensory integration.
1, sense
The full sense of sensory integration is the human body's effective use of its own sense of the environment, from the outside to obtain different sensory information (visual, auditory, smell, taste, touch, vestibular and ontology, etc.) into the brain, the brain processing input information And the ability to make an adaptive response.
2, sense of disorder
Sensory integration disorder is a kind of brain dysfunction. It is a slight obstacle in the development of children's brain. It can also be called learning ability disorder. It can be corrected by medication and rehabilitation training. The sense of dysfunction is not a true condition. The children with dysfunctional dysfunction are normal, but the coordination of the child's brain and various parts of the body has caused obstacles, making many excellent aspects unsuccessful.
Second, the factors that cause the sense of disorder
1. Congenital: physiological reasons
Balance imbalance caused by malposition of the fetal position; lack of pressure in children due to premature birth or caesarean section, resulting in tactile dysfunction; improper medication during pregnancy and injury to young children.
2, acquired: environmental and human reasons
It is mainly reflected in the series of problems brought about by the changes in the environment under the acceleration of China's urbanization process. For example, more and more blue sky and white clouds, grass and trees are blooming, and the beautiful environment of the air is replaced by the uniform and reinforced concrete buildings in the city. This also means that more and more children will be born in the city. Since their birth, these children have been looking at high-rise buildings with various concretes. The fast circulation and other characteristics make the relationship between the neighborhoods indifferent. Before going to school, it was almost impossible for children to reach other peers. Moreover, parents were busy with work, and they were not able to accompany their children. This also led to insufficient stimulation in some aspects of the child. Excessive love and excessive protection led to the child’s acceptance. The information is not comprehensive and some nature has not been released normally; in addition, some parents' thoughts of "seeking a child into a dragon, looking at a woman into a phoenix" have led to the demanding requirements of children from an early age, causing children to face various pressures from an early age; In a fast-paced urban environment, sometimes the pressure of parents at work can also have a certain impact on children. All in all, compared with those children in rural areas, children who lived in cities from a young age are more likely to cause sensory integration disorders due to factors such as the environment and family.
Third, the problem caused by the sense of disorder
1. Tactile problems. Such as avoiding contact, stubborn in certain objects, always have a sense of security, do not like to play with physical contact; hate being touched, hate haircuts, bathing, brushing teeth, do not like manual work; love fighting, love to lose temper, Love to beat people, react to non-malicious physical contact, etc.;
2, vestibular sensory function problems. Such as the special love to play the rotating stools or rides, but not dizzy; although I still see the tables and chairs, the others, the pillars, the door wall; the hands and feet are clumsy, easy to fall; the head, neck, chest when lying on the floor and bed Can't raise it; climb up and down, run in and out, don't listen to dissuasion; uneasy to move, punishment is invalid; like to provoke people, tricks, mischief; often talk to themselves, repeat others' words; can't tell the left and right direction, Shoes and clothes are often worn in reverse;
3. Functional issues. Such as slow writing speed, irregular writing, often excessive use of writing; poor order and time awareness; lack of self-confidence, difficulty in frustration, strong dependence; difficulty in learning fine laces, button buttons, etc. Poor athletic and fine motor skills, clumsy movements; unsocial, unsociable, easy to lose direction in unfamiliar environments;
4. The vestibular balance function is abnormal. It is characterized by restlessness, falling, falling in concentration, inattention, lack of concentration in class, love to do small movements, easy violation of classroom discipline, easy conflict with people, naughty and self-willed, picky, difficult to enjoy with others, and difficult Sharing toys and food with others, not considering the needs of others, may also lead to slow language development, difficult language expression, and late talk;
5, poor visual perception. It is not fluent in reading, often skipping or missing, multi-word, less words, writing radicals are reversed, learning is forgotten, not counting, often copying wrong questions, copying questions, etc.;
6. The touch is too sensitive. Expressed as a nervous, unsociable, unfamiliar environment, biting nails, crying, excessive attachment to parents, or excessive tension, love to provoke others, partial eclipse or overeating, temper;
7, poor sense of hearing. It is manifested in listening to other people’s words, losing their minds, and often forgetting what the teacher said and the assignments;
8, the sense of body disorders. Such as lack of self-confidence, passive retreat and clumsiness, poor language performance, etc.; 9, poor coordination of movements. The performance is poor balance, easy to fall when walking, often fall, can not roll like other children, cycling, skipping and ball shooting, poor manual ability, poor fine movements, etc. Generally speaking, it is easy for children to correct the dysfunctional disorder through training before the age of 12. Once they are over 12 years old, they will be shaped and difficult to change.
Fourth, the development of sensory training
Since the 1970s, developed countries in the West have begun to popularize the sensory integration training system in the form of “Children’s Intelligence Training Center”. In the early 1980s, the sensory training system was introduced to Asia. It was introduced to Hong Kong in the early 1990s. By 1996, the Hong Kong sensory intelligence training system had a penetration rate of 93.2% in kindergartens, and was regulated by the Hong Kong Education Bureau. Intelligent training products are a must-have facility for local kindergartens. There are 80 large-scale “Children’s Intelligence Training Centers” in every 100 large communities. In foreign countries, there are 95 kindergartens in every 100 kindergartens with “Children’s Intelligence Training Institutions”. The "Children's Intelligence Training Club" is seven times more than the adult "fitness club", and the children who participate in the "Children's Smart Training Club" training are 6.2 times more than the adult fitness. In mainland China, the penetration rate is less than 5%. It can be seen that there is still a lot of room for development in sensory training in China.
5. Sensory training has always existed.
Regarding sensory training, perhaps many parents feel very strange? When some parks and training institutions hear the word, the first reaction may be that the child can grow very well before everyone knows what the sensory training is. Why is it that the child needs to proceed now? What about sensory training? In fact, in the process of the child's growth, more or less have been exposed to sensory training, but before the concept of sensory training is widely known, many people do not know it. So, what are the past training methods that we don’t know? Such as: 1, turn the rope. One person uses a finger to make a loop of a rope, and another person picks it up with a finger and turns it into a different pattern, alternating with each other until one can no longer turn it down; the twisted rope can exercise the flexibility of the child's fingers and the coordination of the hand and eye. Etc., especially the coordination of hand and eye, which has a profound impact on children's literacy; 2, hopscotch. Draw a big box on the ground, draw a lot of squares in the box, put a flat pebbles in the grid, the person who plays with one foot jumps, kicks the stone into another grid, and kicks all the squares, even if Success; if the stone presses the line, the foot presses the line, or the two feet touch the ground, it fails. This game can test the child's balance and reaction ability; 3, jump rubber bands. A simple rubber band, let the little girls play a variety of tricks, and also compiled a variety of nursery rhymes, do you also think that "small ball" "banana pear" "Ma Lanhua twenty-one" let People still remember? It not only tests the challenger's balance, memory, bounce, softness, but also tests his eyesight in certain circumstances. This kind of sports that combines aerobics and intellectual games is a comprehensive training of physical coordination and balance. In addition, there are things like picking sticks, fighting cocks, blowing bubbles, kicking scorpions, etc., not listed here. (If you are not careful, you will be exposed to age.)
Sixth, "sense training + paradise" advantage
1. Paradise and parent-child interaction activities promote family environment changes
The bad behaviors and psychological problems of children are mostly directly related to the way parents are educated and the environment they are in. However, at present, most training institutions or researchers in China only pay attention to the training of children's physical and psychological aspects, while ignoring the influence of parents and family environment on children. Many sensory integration training institutions are mostly concentrated on children, and often ignore the guidance and correction of parental education methods. As a result, children have been changed to a certain extent, and parents are as busy as they are, with little accompaniment, or reprimanding their children, or arrogantly letting them go, which greatly reduces the training effect. As an important place for sensory training, the existence of a children's paradise not only provides space for parents to accompany their children, but also bridges the communication between parents and children. Nowadays, more and more children's parks are beginning to extend the parent group and increase the content of parents in the children's playground, such as leisure book bar, shared massage chair, shared charging treasure and other services. The most important thing is to let parents Staying in the park, many children's parks will increase the communication between parents and children by organizing some parent-child interaction activities, and enhance the relationship between parents and children, thus effectively making up for the lack of parents in the process of sensory training.
2. Compared with professional sensory training institutions, the park's charging standard is more acceptable to families.
At present, although there are already many sensory institutions and hospitals in the main cities in the first-line cities to provide sensory training services for children, second- and third-tier cities have begun to spread, but the number is still not large, and the fees are generally higher. High, and professionalism is also open to question. However, if the venue for sensory training is replaced by a children's playground, it will be very different. First of all, the current charging standards for children's parks are generally accepted by most parents, which is why today's children's paradise can become the third living space for parents and children in addition to families, schools and workplaces.
3. The application of the ready-made equipment in the park makes the training of the senses more common.
There are many ways to train the senses, but most of them need to be carried out with certain tools. Although the professional sense training institutions have certain professional equipment, the number of sensory training institutions is small, and it is difficult to satisfy the large number of senses. The needs of children are out of tune. Under such circumstances, the introduction of a children's playground for sensory training can effectively alleviate this problem. The park itself has children's play equipment that can help children to carry out sensory training. Such as: a slide that can exercise the child's whole body muscles, improve the vestibular sensory function, improve the child's balance ability; can enhance the function of various organs of the child's body, accelerate bone growth, increase muscle strength, and perform trampoline exercise for conditioning. In addition, there are sand pools that can develop the fine movements of children's wrists, skilled physical coordination, and promote the development of children's imagination, creativity and perception movement; they can exercise children's hands-on ability, cultivate children's concentration and creativity, and increase parenting. Interactive, and improve the child's self-confidence in the paradise parent-child DIY activities.
VII. The main problems faced by “Sense Training + Paradise”: the cultivation of professional talents
Although China has carried out children’s sensory training and research for more than ten years, compared with the United States, Japan and other countries, whether in research The level, or the extent of the popularity of training technology, has a large gap, mainly due to insufficient talent pool in the field of sensory training. Although the children's paradise has most of the hardware conditions for sensory training, it is still difficult to carry out in a short period of time due to the lack of professionals. This requires not only the relevant government departments to attach great importance to this, but also take effective measures to popularize sensory training activities in kindergartens and primary schools. It is necessary to give full play to the role of universities and relevant research institutions, and strive to do a good job in cultivating teachers and conducting relevant basic research, and continuously export professional training talents for schools, sensory training institutions and even paradise, and work together in various fields of society. Work together to solve the problem of children's sense of dissonance in China.
The foothold of this article is not to encourage practitioners to use this as a reason to bring panic to parents. In the face of the objective existence of paradise homogenization, we need to look at it with a dialectical perspective. It is undeniable that the sense of disorder will indeed hinder the growth of the child; it cannot be denied that under the relatively satisfying material conditions, the post-90 parents who are the main consumers of the consumer attach importance to the child’s growth education, and the concept of sensory training Wide recognition, indeed provides a new direction for the development of today's paradise. However, how to effectively stand in the perspective of parents and children, combine multi-party resources, meet the family's entertainment and education needs, promote the continued operation of the park, provide a new direction for the development of the park, open a new model of park operation, and meet the new era of paradise development. This is the main problem we need to think about now.
